ຂໍ້ມູນເພີ່ມເຕີມ ― Lao

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ເປັນມະເຮັງຜິວໜັງທີ່ພົບເລື້ອຍ ແລະ ຈະຢູ່ອັນດັບສອງໃນສະຫະລັດ, ຫຼັງຈາກ basal cell carcinoma. ສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ຂອງ SCC ຈະເລີ່ມຕົ້ນຈາກບາດແຜກກ່ອນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ actinic keratosis ແລະ ສາມາດແຜ່ລາມໄປສູ່ພາກອື່ນໆ ຂອງຮ່າງກາຍ. ສາເຫດທຳອິດແມ່ນການເຜີຍພາກອັດຕະພາບອຸລະທັດ (ultraviolet, UV) ຈາກແສງຕ່າງແຕ່ສະສົມຕາມເວລາ. ການປິ່ນປົວມັກຈະກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການຜ່າຕັດອອກ, ໂດຍສະເພາະສໍາລັບ SCC ທີ່ປະກອບດ້ວຍຫົວ ແລະ ຄໍ. ການປິ່ນປົວດ້ວຍການສະແດງພະລັງອຸລະທັດແມ່ນທາງເລືອກທີ່ດີສໍາລັບຄົນທີ່ອາຍຸສູງ ຫຼື ຜູ້ທີ່ບໍ່ສາມາດຜ່າຕັດໄດ້. Immunosuppression ເພີ່ມຄວາມສ່ຽງຂອງ SCC. ແມ່ນວ່າ ຖ້າບໍ່ຮັບການປິ່ນປົວ, SCC ສາມາດແຜ່ລາມ, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນຄົນທີ່ມີລະບົບພູມຕ້ານທານອ່ອນ (premalignant). ການກວດສອບປະຈໍາແລະການປ້ອງກັນການເຜີຍແສງ UV ແມ່ນສິ່ງສໍາຄັນສໍາລັບຜູ້ທີ່ມີ SCC.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer in the United States, behind basal cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma has precursor lesions called actinic keratosis, exhibits tumor progression and has the potential to metastasize in the body. Ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation is the primary risk factor in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and the cumulative exposure received over a lifetime plays a major part in the development of this cancer. Surgical excision is the primary treatment modality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with Mohs micrographic surgery being the preferred excisional technique for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and in other areas of high risk or squamous cell carcinoma with high-risk characteristics. Radiation therapy is reserved for squamous cell carcinoma in older patients or those who will not tolerate surgery, or when it has not been possible to obtain clear margins surgically. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly after surgical treatment in very high tumors. Immunosuppression significantly increases the risk of squamous cell carcinoma over the course of an individual’s life. Metastasis is uncommon for squamous cell carcinomas arising in areas of chronic sun exposure, but it can take place, and the risk is increased in immunosuppressed patients. Patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma should be examined regularly and remember to use measures to protect from UV damage.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) ເປັນມະເຮັງທີ່ພົບເລີ່ອຍທີ່ສຸດອັນດັບສອງໃນຄົນ, ແລະອັດຕາການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນຂອງມັນກໍ່ເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ. ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າ CSCC ມັກຈະສະແດງອຸບາຍທາງຄລີນິກໃນຂັ້ນຕອນເບື້ອນໂຍນ, ມັນສາມາດແຜ່ລາມທັງທ້ອງຖິ່ນແລະພາກສ່ວນອື່ນໆຂອງຮ່າງກາຍ. ນັກວິທະຍາສາດໄດ້ກໍານົດເສັ້ນທາງສະເພາະທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການພັດທະນາ CSCC, ນໍາໄປສູ່ການປິ່ນປົວໃໝ່. ຈໍານວນການກາຍພັນທີ່ສູງແລະຄວາມສ່ຽງຂອງຜູ້ເຈັບທີ່ມີພູມຕ້ານທານໄດ້ກະຕຸ້ນໃຫ້ມີການນໍາໃຊ້ immunotherapy. ການທົບທວນຄືນນີ້ເບິ່ງໃນຮາກພັນທຸກຂອງ CSCC ແລະການປິ່ນປົວຫຼ້າສຸດທີ່ແນ່ນອນຕໍ່ໂມເລກຸນສະເພາະ ແລະລະບົບພູມຕ້ານທານ.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and its incidence continues to rise. Although CSCC usually display a benign clinical behavior, it can be both locally invasive and metastatic. The signaling pathways involved in CSCC development have given rise to targetable molecules in recent decades. In addition, the high mutational burden and increased risk of CSCC in patients under immunosuppression were part of the rationale for developing the immunotherapy for CSCC that has changed the therapeutic landscape. This review focuses on the molecular basis of CSCC and the current biology-based approaches of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors